Object description
This object is an Annunciation canopy, also known as a baldachin. These artworks were placed above altars. Dating to the 15th century AD, it is carved from wood.
Painted panels depict the scene of the Annunciation. Mary is on the left whilst the angel Gabriel is on the right. Between the two figures, we can see a dove surrounded by a halo of light. Although we generally consider doves to be a symbol of peace, it is likely that in this instance, the dove represents the Holy Spirit.
The words Ave Maria Gratia Plena (Hail Mary, full of grace) are carved in openwork lettering below the main panel.
Annunciation canopy or baldachin/wood/15th century AD/The Hunt Collection/PD
Altar canopies
Altars are considered to be the focal point of the Church. Therefore, the purpose of an altar canopy is to draw the eye to the altar. That is why the canopies were so elaborately decorated.
The types of canopies varied over the centuries. Some of the earliest took 3D forms with columns made of wood, stone or metal. Later variants included textiles or painted scenes on frames. The alternative word for these canopies, “baldachin” actually comes from the variants with textiles or fabrics. Precious fabrics used for the canopies were obtained from the city of Baghdad in modern Iraq.
Another example of an altar canopy depicting the Annunciation on can be seen in the Getty Museum (see image below). Also dating to the 15th century, this canopy is made with distemper on linen. It was created by Dieric Bouts in Belgium. The Annunciation was a popular choice of topic for canopy scenes as it is the first sign of Christ’s presence on Earth.
The Annunciation
/circa 1450–1455/
Dieric Bouts/ Getty Museum/ PD
Sources
https://www.liturgicalartsjournal.com/2018/01/the-altar-and-its-canopy-ciborium.html
https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/object/103QS9#full-artwork-details